How to rebuild a nation war

When you try to rebuild a nation war, focus first on security, economic development. Then, make some highly visible improvements, such as free health care for young children or restore regular electricity. Also, hiring women police officers.

These are among the recommendations in a new report by the World Bank, which evaluate the best strategies for donor Nations, seeking to improve conditions in countries mired in self-perpetuating cycles of violence.

The Bank, which cover development projects each year, is trying to draw attention to a particular aspect of international development. In recent years, it has moved from a longtime focus on expensive projects to deal with broader issues such as climate change, and to embrace fundamental solutions.

This year's theme is the negative impact of violence on economic activity.

High levels of violence, political or criminal, is much more destructive than natural disasters. The report found that the criminal violence in Guatemala cut economic activity in 2005 by more than twice as much as the damage caused by Hurricane Stan.

"People in fragile and conflict-affected States is more than twice as likely to be undernourished as those in other developing countries, more than three times more likely to be able to send their children to schooltwo times more likely to see their children die before the age of 5kai more than twice as likely to have clean water, "says the report.

Special report, and sometimes surprising recipes are based on a study of Nations that we have made progress towards stability and prosperity, as well as Chile, Colombia, Ethiopia and Indonesia.

Firstly, an impressive warning: "Take a generation."

The World Bank reports that no nation has made significant and lasting progress towards the reduction of corruption in less than 14 years, and that on average it took 27 years successful Nations. Reduction of the role of military in politics? May not be less than 10 years, 17 years old on average.

Secondly, it underlines the importance of setting up first the legitimacy of a new political system, making rapid progress in some areas visible and tangible, rather than the standard trend to announce a long list of objectives.

"At the end of the 6 or 12 months people look back and say," the Government did? ' and they want to look back and see that there are two or three things that have changed, "said Sarah Cliffe, a principal author of the report.

The Government of South Africa after apartheid, focusing on providing health care for pregnant women and children under 5 years old. In Liberia, the Government has promised to restore electricity to Monrovia, the capital, within a year.

The report also touches on many occasions about the value of gender equality and women's participation in political decision-making, including law enforcement. In Nicaragua, for example, says the increased recruitment of women police officers produced a suppression of sexual violence. In Liberia, the report states that the creation of all-female who worked alongside local police helped to restore public confidence.

Two final proposals are the donor Nations. The report says that aid for ailing Nations too often jumps and plunging, which isn't healthy. He says instead that the donors should commit themselves to provide stable, reliable and long-term funding. Issues of corruption, inefficiency and ineffectiveness must be addressed through changes in management or focus, rather than a reduction of aid, the report says.

Source: report on the global development group calculations based O.E.C.D. a chart from the World Bank indicates instability in aid to four countries from year to year. Humanitarian aid and debt relief, are excluded from the statistics, will increase volatility, he said.

It also suggests using a Radical new method for evaluating the effectiveness of reconstruction efforts: asking people of recipient Nations. The World Bank considers such a poll as a way to prove his gradual progress even as it tries to shift investment in long-term projects that cannot be translated into tangible results as quickly.

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